Incinerator.



F. 0. WELLS.

INCINERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED NOV.27, I916. 1,232, 1 38. Patented July 3, 1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

k-z'a L F. O. WELLS.

INCINERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED NOV 27, I916.

1,232, 1 38. I Patented July 3, 1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

.QWeZZs,

F. O. WELLS.

INCINERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED NOV.2Z, 1916.

1,232, 1 38. Patented July 3, 1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

FIG.

FRANK 0. WELLS, OF THE UNITED STATES NAVY, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF To WALTER II. LASSING, OF THE UNITED STATES NAVY.

INGINERATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 3, 1917.

Application filed November 27, 1916. Serial No. 133,709.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK O. WELLS, a citizen of the United States, stationed on board the U. S. S. New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Incinerators; and I do hereby declare the following to be. a full, clear, and exact de scription of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The present invention relates to improvements in incinerators, and has for an object to provide an incinerator for ouse more particularly on board ship where a strong and well anchored structure is required to withstand the rolling motion of the ship and the vibration due to gun firing.

Broadly stated, the improved incinerator is built up of fire brick or other suitable material; such structure being inclosed in a metallic casing and anchored together by transverse battle walls.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide an improved incinerator having a perforated hearth upon which refuse is deposited through a charging door, which may be located in the front or rear end walls, or in the side walls or top of the structure; such perforated hearth being also preferably arched and disposed above a fire box, from which the products of combustion ascend through the perforations in the hearth and are also directed into contact with the refuse from above by battle walls.

With these and other objects in view the invention consists in the novel details of construction and combinations of parts more fully hereinafter disclosed and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this application, and in which similar reference symbols indicate correspond ing parts in the several views:

Figure l is a front elevatlonal view of an incinerator constructed in accordance with a the present invention.

i on the unseen Fig. 3.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view i taken on the line 2-2 in Fig. l, with the oil burner removed.

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view take on the line 3-3 in Fig. 2.

Fig. 4; is a horizontal sectional view taken of a slightly modified form of the invention, illustrating the charging door as in the rear of the incinerator structure.

Fig. 6 is a similar view illustrating a further modification in which the charging door is located in the side of the incinerating structure. V

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary transverse sectiocilial view taken on the line 77 in Fig. 6; an

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view illustrating the charging door as in the top of the incinerator structure.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, the incinerator structure is built up preferably, though not necessarily so, in the rectangular general formation shown, of fire brick, or other suitable material; the structure being arranged to provide outer side walls 1 and 2, connected by a front wall 3 and a rear wall 4.

Spaced from the outer side walls 1 and 2 are longitudinal interiorwallsfi and 6, providing passages 23 and 24: therebetween for receiving the products ofcombustion and directing the same to the chimney, as will hereinafter more clearly appear.

Between the interior longitudinal walls 5 and 6 is suspended a hearth or floor 7, which is advantageously formed, as see more particularly Fig. 4, by assembling bricks in rows to break-joint and with their ends spaced apart to provide openings 8 through which the products of combustion may arise from the fire box beneath, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 2.

Immediately beneath the arched hearth 7 and between the interior longitudinal walls 5 and 6 is the fire box 9, wherein is a grate 10, constituted, as advantageously appear.- ing in Figs. 2 and3, of spaced fire bricks or other units assembled on angle bars 11. Beneath the grate 10 is the usual ash pit 12, there being a discharge pipe 13 at the rear thereof for carrying off any liquid matter that may have found its way thereinto. The fire bricks 9 and ash pit 12 are accessible, respectively, through doors, 14 and 15 of any suitable character, and shown 1 to be mounted in the front wall 3 of the incinerator structure and a metallic framework or front plate 16 secured thereover.

The hearth 7 preferably extends from the front wall 3 of the structure to within a short distance of the rear wall 4:, providing a vertical flue 17 therebetween through which the major portion of the products of combustion from the firebox 9 will find its way into the incinerating chamber above such hearth 7, the path of the products through this, vertical flue 17 being clearly indicated by the arrows in Fig. 2.

At the rear of the arched hearth 7 is "advantageo-usly erected a bridge wall 18, also of fire brick, or other suitable construction, and preferably stepped or inclined, as shown in Fig. 2, to cooperate with the inclined rear wall 19 of a baffle '20 supported in the longitudinal interior Walls and 6, slightly in advance of the bridge Wall 18, and prefer Y hearth 7 to burn thoroughly and completely alljof the combustible matter.

The material to be consumed is introduced into the incinerating chamber and deposited on the hearth 7 through a charging door 22, shown in Figs. '1 and 2 to be located in the front wall 3 of the incinerator structure and to have its mountings in the frame or front plate 16'; although this charging door 22 may be located in the rear walls, "or in 1 either of the side walls or top of the structure, as will hereinafter-be more fully re ferred to in the particular description of i Figs. 5 to 8 inclusive.

There are openings 25 and 26, respectively, in the interior longitudinal walls 5 and 6, preferably in their upper forward corners, where the products of combustion will arise,and which are provided to receive such productso'f combustion and direct the same "into the lateral passages '23 and 24. At their rear ends these passages are widened, as indicated at 27 and 28, communicating at these points with the branches of a chimney 29. Tnter'mediately, the lateral passages 28 and 24: are supplied with deflectors 30 and 31, which extend from the top of the incinerator structure down substantially to points midway of the height thereof, and have the function of encountering the products of combustion onth'eir way to the chimney 29 and directing the same downwardly and into contact with the exterior surfaces of the interior walls 5 and 6 for -'commnnica'ting the heat thereof toall parts of 'the psame,-and thereby having the efiect of maintaining the interior at-a high temperature,-such as is advantageous in drying out the garbage, refuse, or'o'ther niate- 23 and 24 are shown in Fig. 1 to be accessible for cleaning through doors or plugs 32 and 33, also mounted in the framework -or front plate 16.

The incinerator structure as a whole, built up as above'descnbed, is for purposes of strength, and where the same is to be erected on shipboard, to .be incl'os'ed ina metallic casingpreferably consisting of angle pos't's 3d disposed at the corners of the fire brick structure, and to which are secured,-a-s by rivets, bolts, or other means 35, met'al lic plates or sheets 36 inc'a'si'n g and binding together the whole'structure, as will appear from an inspection of Figs. 2, 3 and 4. Between the plates or metallic sheets 36 and, the respective walls of the incinerator structure is advantageously interposed one or more layers of asbestos 37 for conserving and preventing rapid dissipation of the heat, and also for refractory purposes.

Referring now more particularly :to Fig. 5, i t will be here seen that the charging door 38 is located in the rear wall of the incinerator structure, the other parts of the construction being similar to those described with reference to Figs. 1 to 4; inclusive, as

indicated by the same reference characters,

with the exception of the baffle which :is disposed horizontally, as shown at 39, providing a ledge upon which the refuse is received and from which it is :pushed by a suitable implement upon the hearth 7. The baflle 39 is formed with a 'ni'nner head 10 extend ing downwardly from the horizontally extending iportion 39 and being formed with the inclined wall 41 for -coeperati-ng with the bridge wall '18 to direct the products of combustion down upon and into contact with the material on the hearth 7. The other parts (not shown) may be similar to those already described and shown in the first form of the invention, and this construction may be applied to other forms of incinerators as desired.

Referring now to Figs. 6 and 7, a charging door is here shown at 42 to be located in one side wall 2 of the incinerator structure. The door 42, in this instance, opens int'o a assa-ge 13 "which extends through the adjacent interior "wall 6, the deflector 31 being thereby dispensed with, as the wall of the passage 43 serves the same purpose. The remaining parts are similar to those above described, and are similarly numbered.

in 8 thjecharging door is-designated as 4A, and is shown to beiplaced on the roof of the incineratorstructure, there being no alteration of the other *parts necessary for this position the door.

The present lnvention, in the'embodiment shown in Figs. 1 to 4:, inclusive, has been built up on the U. S. S. New York. After severe trials such structure has been found to withstand the rolling motion of the ship and the vibration, shocks, and jars incident to gun firing, which have quite generally prohibited the installation of incinerators on ships, former structures readily falling in. On shipboard it will probably be advantageous to provide the charging door either in the front or rear, or one of the side walls in the absence of head space; but I do not desire to restrict myself to the use of this incinerator on shipboard alone, as it will be apparent that the same may be installed on land with excellent results.

The incinerator may be fired by wood or other combustible material introduced through the door 14, and placed upon the grate 10'. The use of an oil or gas burner may be preferable, however, and such a burner is indicated in Fig. l at 50, there being supply pipes 51 and 52, one for the oil or gas and the other for steam, air or water.

It is obvious that those skilled in the art may vary the details of construction and arrangements of parts without departing from the spirit of my invention, and therefore I do not wish to be limited to such features except as may' be required by the claims.

I claim:

1. In an incinerator, a refractory struc-,

ture including front and rear walls, inner and outer spaced side walls, a fire box contalned between said inner walls, an arched hearth above said fire box and supported.

between said inner walls, a bridge wall on said hearth and extending between said in nor walls, a baflie above said hearth and bridge wall and also extending between said inner walls, passages between said inner and outer walls in communication with the the hearth chamber, and baflie plates in said passages and extending between said inner and outer walls, substantially as described.

2. In an incinerator, the combination of a structure, an ineinerating chamber in said structure, a perforated hearth for receiving the material to be consumed, a fire box directly beneath said hearth and having uninterrupted access to the material through Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the ber and extending longitudinally thereof,

and deflectors in said as described.

3. In an incinerator, the combination of a structure providing an ineinerating chamber, a perforated hearth for said chamber, a door in said structure for introducing material to said hearth, a fire box located dipassages, substantially rectly beneath said hearth and having uninterrupted communication with said chamber through the perforations therein, a flue placing said fire box in communication with the ineinerating chamber, a baffle having an inclined face for receiving the products of combustion from said flue and directing same against the material on said hearth, a metallic casing for said structure, and a heat retaining and refractory lining interposed between said casing and structure, substantially as described.

at. In an incinerator, the combination of a brick structure, an ineinerating chamber immediately beneath the top of said structure, a perforated arched hearth in said chamber, a door for introducing the material to be consumed to said hearth, a fire box immediately beneath said hearth, a flue placing said fire box in communication with said incinerating chamber, a baffle having an inclined face for encountering the products of combustion received from said flue and directing the same downwardly against the material on said hearth, lateral passages in communication with said ineinerating chamber and extending horizontally and longitudinally thereof, deflectors in the upper portion of said passages for directing the products downwardly therea bout, a chimney in communication with said passages, a metallic casing for said structure, and a heat retaining material interposed between said casing and structure.

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature.

FRANK O. WELLS.

Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. 

